Mongol Change and Continuity

Matthew Choi Period 4 11/25/12 MONGOLS CCOT ESSAY The Mongols were a vast and influential empire that spread throughout Eurasia. From the time of Genghis Khan to the Yuan dynasty, the Mongols experienced numerous changes in their lifestyle and leadership as they strayed from their nomadic ancestry. However, while they experienced some changes, they still clung tightly to their culture until the end of the empire. Genghis Khan was the founder and emperor of the great Mongol Empire, and as a result, it became the largest contiguous land empire in all of history.Genghis Khan sought to unify the Mongols, and conquered nomadic Mongol tribes, unifying them at Karakorum, the capital of the Mongolian Empire. Whether on the battlefield or at home, Genghis was famous for his ruthless brutality. For example, when he defeated Mongol clans, he boiled all of their chiefs alive while killing all males taller than a wheel. As a result, he struck fear into the hearts of men women and children, and al l that he opposed viewed the Mongols as an invincible empire.In 1211 Genghis Khan broke through the Great Wall of China, which the Chinese thought was an ultimate defense; but when Genghis pierced it, they were terrified by his seemingly undefeatable army. He spread his influence across central and Southeast Asia during his reign, but he could not conquer Japan because of divine kamikaze winds and the Mongol fleet was destroyed. This proved that the Mongols were not an invincible force, they could be killed, and this shifted the peoples view on the Great Khan.The Pax Mongolica, or â€Å"The Mongolian Peace† was a time period that lasted for about a century during the Mongol Empire. During this time, intercontinental trade flourished because of the reopened trade routes, including the Silk Road. This time period is also used to describe the stabilization of the Mongol culture. While traveling through the routes and conquering other lands, the Mongols kept to their nomadic ance stry. They lived in Mongol yurts, which were portable dwellings made of pelts and ooden poles, and these were ideal for nomadic travel. The geography of Central Asia consist of deserts and grassy landscapes, where agriculture is hard to support. The nomads focused on the domestication of strong and healthy grazing animals so the Mongols would have enough food, shelter, and clothing. Mongol nomads travelled often, and they had to use the teachings of their ancestors in order to survive. Genghis Khan’s knowledge of his nomadic ancestry is probably one of the biggest reasons why the Mongolian army was so successful.

Managing quality in a childcare setting Essay

1.  Two pieces of legislation that ensure quality provision are The Children’s (Scot) Act 1995 and The Education (Additional Support for Learning) (Scotland) Act 2004. The Children (Scotland) Act 1995 links parts of child care, family and adoption law, that affect children’s quality of life. The Act puts children first and brings together three key principles of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child; non-discrimination; the child’s welfare is the first thought; and that children’s views should be listened to. It incorporated these principles into Scottish legislation and practice. By following this act, settings can work towards a high quality environment that conforms to standards. The Education (Additional Support for Learning) (Scotland) Act 2004 is legal framework to give support where needed, for children’s learning, short or long term. The Scottish Government require all children and young people to realise their full potential and get the most from the learning available to them through connecting with a quality setting. The Act looks into supporting needs and co-ordinated support plans. The education authorities are charged with identifying needs, arranging suitable provision, creating co-ordinated support plans and reviewing and monitoring what provision is provided. 2.  Two pieces of non-legislative requirements that support a quality provision are Pre-birth to Three: Positive Outcomes for Scotland’s Children and Families (Pre-birth to 3) and Getting it right for every child (GIRFEC) Pre-birth to 3 leads on from Birth to Three: supporting our youngest children as it now appreciates the impact of pregnancy on children and learning. It supports the Scottish Government’s ethos to develop a quality workforce that is supported and skilled with shared value base so that they can provide  children and their families with a good quality lasting outcome. It describes 4 key best outcomes – the rights of the child, responsive care, respect and relationships, and aims to encourage good quality practice through spreading knowledge from current research; using 9 key principles; for example the role of the staff, observations and partnership working involving other agencies. Girfec is an approach which allows practitioners to concentrate on what makes a positive difference for all children and young people and their families, and how these improvements can be delivered. It has been developed from a range of policies and strategies such as the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Early Years Framework and the Curriculum for Excellence. There are ten core parts to it, such as developing a shared understanding of wellbeing; and a set of values and principles, such as promoting respect, patience, honesty and reliability as good qualities that are valued by children, young people, families and practitioners, which enables a quality practice to those agencies working across the range of children’s services. It is gradually being incorporated into all existing practices, policies and legislation that affects children, young people and their families. 3.  A human resource issues that support quality provision are Disclosure Scotland: Protection of Vulnerable Groups (PVG). Disclosure Scotland is a Scottish Government agency. Its purpose is to protect the safety of vulnerable people in Scottish society through maintaining a list of individuals who are unsuitable to work with children or vulnerable adults. It also creates a document for organisations and potential employers which lists an individual’s criminal history information. This allows them to make knowledgeable decisions when dealing with recruitment. The PVG scheme requires all those who have regular contact with children and protected adults (paid or unpaid) to become members. It permits employers to check that the people they are recruiting do not have a history of harmful behaviour. 4.   The Regulation of Care (Scotland) Act 2001 was created to give more protection to people who were using care services, by producing a structure for care regulations, raising the quality of provision and by building a competent and confident workforce. It set up two independent organisations: the Scottish Commission for the Regulation of Care (Care Commission) and the Scottish Social Services Council (SSSC). The Care Commission’s responsibility was to regulate and inspect (using the National Care Standards), a range of services providing care to children, adults and older people, and deal with registration, complaints and enforcements. It also promoted dignity and encouraged independence for care users. The previous system was Edinburgh and Lothian’s Registration and Inspection Service (ELRIS) which used both local authority and health boards to register and inspect care services (both private and voluntary). The SSSC’s responsibility was to improve the quality of the services by raising the standards of practice of the social services workforce: through supporting professionalism, standardising and promoting the training of the workforce and creating a code of practice for the staff and employers to follow. The SSSC allows individuals to have a shared value base, with everyone involved behaving and guided by the same values, beliefs, concepts and principles. By raising the practice, a good quality provision can give children the best start in life. Those who register with the SSSC, do so relevant to the role they hold in the work place not what qualifications they have, i.e. for a particular role you can have a range of suitable qualifications. The SSSC standardises the training and education required. It creates an equal footing for all workers doing the same job therefore showing the same level of competence which in turn increases public awareness and confidence in the role of providing a quality setting. It provides assurance that the people registered have integrity and are committed to their role whether they have the qualification or are working towards it. By committing to taking responsibility for their own learning to develop knowledge and values as well as assessing and updating regularly, practitioners are safeguard their continuing suitability for registration.  Registered childminders however are not required to be registered with the SSSC, as they are firstly registered with the Care Inspectorate, but find it is good practice to follow the SSSC code of practice and undertaking training. In 2010 the Public Services Reform (Scotland) Act’s objective was to streamline a number of government agencies. The work of the Care Commission and the Social Work Inspection Agency was consolidated into a new body: the Social Care and Social Work Improvement Agency (SCSWIS). The Social Work Inspection Agency had previously regulated local authority social work services. In 2011, SCSWIS had a name change: becoming the Care Inspectorate. The Care Inspectorate ensure quality care is promoted by registering and inspecting, individuals and organisations, such as childminders, voluntary organisations and local authorities as well as promoting improvement in care, social work and child protection services. The Care Inspectorate uses the National Care Standards as guidelines to register and inspect care services against. The National Care Standards: Early Education and Childcare of Children up to the age of 16 was created up by the Scottish Government, as required by the Regulation of Care (Scotland) Act 2001, and involved consultation with a large group of people such as service users, their families, carers, staff, expert bodies, service providers and professional associations. It represents the rights of the child and young person, as set out in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. It is used by service providers and the Care Inspectorate, to uphold and develop the quality of services and whether the services were conforming to the regulations. There are 14 standards with the main principles being dignity, privacy, choice, equality and diversity, safety and realising potential. The standards promote quality in child care settings by encouraging issues such as: effective communication between staff, parents and carers; sharing information as appropriate with other professionals involved with the child’s development; having staff establish effective working relationships with support agencies and with each other, families and children and providing opportunities for children and their family in the wider  community. References Scottish Social Services Council (2011) Code of Practice [online] available at http://www.sssc.uk.com/Codes-of-Practice/sssc-codes-of-practice-for-social-service-workers-and-employers.html (accessed on 12.01.2014) The Scottish Government (2004) The Children’s (Scot) Act 1995 [online] available at http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2004/10/20066/44708 (accessed on 12.01.2014) The Scottish Government (2209) Education (Additional Support for Learning) [online] available at (Scotland) Act 2004 http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/Education/Schools/welfare/ASL (accessed on 12.01.2014) The Scottish Government. (2010) A guide to Getting it right for every child [online] available at http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Topics/People/Young-People/gettingitright/background (accessed on 12.01.2014) Disclosure Scotland. (2011) Protecting Vulnerable Groups [online] available at http://www.disclosurescotland.co.uk/pvg/pvg_index.html (accessed on 12.01.2014) The Scottish Government (2005) A Framework for Supporting Front Line Staff: Summary Version ) [online] available at http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2005/05/10101405/14096 (accessed on 12.01.2014) The Scottish government (2002) The Regulation of Care (Scotland) Act 2001 [online] available at http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2002/01/14484/2531 (accessed on

The mind-body connection and how this impacts how we learn Research Paper

The mind-body connection and how this impacts how we learn - Research Paper Example As Weiss (2014) maintains, the body does not exist merely for carrying the head around. Instead, the whole body is engaged when a person thinks and learns. Learning involves numerous novel neuron connections that result into new structures in the brain from time to time. These neurons consist of several receptors, which are proteins that vibrate and change shape over time. Hydrolysis of proteins produces peptides and research has shown that the same peptides discovered in the brain were in the rest of the other systems of the body (Weiss, 2014). This is proof that the connection between the body and the mind is actually physical. This body-soul connection affects learning in various ways. The plasticity of the brain depends on ability of a person to generate novel brain cells, something that has to do with the body. Brain plasticity denotes the capability of the brain to learn continuously while updating its database. Throughout one’s life, new brain cells that are functional are generated each day. Scientists have maintained that the human brain emerges as an organ that has organic tissues that are most complex, numerous connections. Studies have shown that these connections do not occur exclusively during the learning process but also transpire to a greater degree in those people who are physically active as compared to those who are less active in physical terms. This is in line with recent data collection that shows that physically active people have a relatively large cortical mass in comparison to their less physically active counterparts. The fact that the bodily stimulations instanced by being physically active enhance the ability of the cells of the n erve to connect translates to ameliorated learning process (Kotz, 2010). Without doubt, the mind-body connection has an important role in enhancing the learning process and this needs consideration to ameliorate learning in

Ethical Issue. Should a nurse have authorization from the hospital to Article

Ethical Issue. Should a nurse have authorization from the hospital to assist a lucid and competent patient in writing a will. Discuss the pros - Article Example Five key themes emerged from the data. Findings suggest that both professions perceive primary educational roles, though their informational practices differed in content. The professionals reported differential pathways that led to their practices with patients. Both disciplines identified advocacy roles with families and providers. The practitioners reported distinct roles with families. There was mutual recognition of interdisciplinary roles. The findings suggest that nurses and social workers engage in both parallel and complementary advance care planning practices with their patients. Common wisdom holds that choice decisions are based on conscious deliberations of the available information about choice options. On the basis of recent insights about unconscious influences on information processing, we tested whether automatic mental associations of undecided individuals bias future choices in a manner such that these choices reflect the evaluations implied by earlier automatic associations. With the use of a computer-based, speeded categorization task to assess automatic mental associations (i.e., associations that are activated unintentionally, difficult to control, and not necessarily endorsed at a conscious level) and self-report measures to assess consciously endorsed beliefs and choice preferences, automatic associations of undecided participants predicted changes in consciously reported beliefs and future choices over a period of 1 week. Conversely, for decided participants, consciously reported beliefs predicted changes in automatic associations and future choices over the same period. These results indicate that decision-makers sometimes have already made up their mind at an unconscious level, even when they consciously indicate that they are still undecided. Twenty retrospective patient case studies were collated in an acute care teaching hospital using a case note audit and in addition interviews were

Netflix Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Netflix - Essay Example The first part of this paper will analyse Netflix products, its competitors, the company’s competitive strategy as well as its value chain. Part two of the paper will evaluate how Netflix applied art and science through various information communication technologies to boost its operations. Netflix products Netflix has more than 33 million subscribers in 40 countries that can rent DVDs or download movies for a monthly fee through Netflix.com. The company also has mail delivery services where movie deliveries takes place through the US Postal services from distribution centers that are located in the major cities in the country. More so, the movies streaming reaches800 devices that include PCs, TVs, and mobile application (Nelson and Quick, 2012). This means that the company’s products and services are DVD vending, and selling physically and through the internet, mail delivery services and video demand services online. ... The other competitors Amazon prime, who freely ships on millions of items and rented eBooks. The problem that Amazon prime has is that customers are required to purchase an entire year of prime for $ 79; hence discouraging customers (Nelson and Quick, 2012). To add up the competitor list is HBO GO owned by Time Warner, who offers unlimited access via website login. In spite of HBO Go great web interface, it still tethers to the cable networks. Vudu, Wal-Mart partner has also joined the industry, adding up the competitor list and it allows subscribers to stream instantly on Walmart.com. What is Netflix competitive strategy? The main competitive strategy that Netflix uses to beat competitors is product differentiation. This is the case because the company offers old products (movies) in new modernized ways. For instance, the company still mixes the old mail delivery and online streaming in movie delivery, which helps it target diverse customers (Nelson and Quick, 2012). This is excepti onal because no other company in the industry uses the old mail delivery; hence creating a differentiation. This strategy not only creates a differentiation to the customers but also eases customer’s delivery of movies because most customers get the movies at the comfort of their homes through mail and still return them through the same mail. This convenience is a great attraction to customers who end up becoming loyal to Netflix. Netflix value chain analysis Every business should look forward to reducing logistical costs as well as perceptive sales, which eventually keep the company viable. Netflix has strategically organized its value chain because it is cable to accurately, forecast demand given that

Globalization and its Discontents paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Globalization and its Discontents paper - Essay Example The policies devised by them are a result of prolonged discussions between the economists. The policies that have been devised by the International Monetary Fund have helped many countries to overcome the problem of financial crisis. In order to avoid a financial drought the country has to avoid all sorts of financial problems that may come up. The country has to control the flow of money internally otherwise the financial crisis cannot be avoided (IMF). If the international capital flow is not maintained properly, economic stability in a country cannot be achieved. The price in the country cannot be stabilized and hence the financial policies designed to overcome the crisis cannot be implemented properly. This shows that if a country has to prosper in terms of finance and economics it has to improve its structure internally and then ask for help from the outside sources. Hence if a country is in the developing stage and is not practicing its economic policies properly, the Internati onal Monetary Fund also cannot be of much help. One example of such a country is Botswana which improved itself internally and prospered than any other country in Africa. When Botswana got independence it was suffering from a severe financial crisis. And it was of utmost importance to address the issue properly. Botswana was rich of agriculture and diamonds but lacked the resources to make use of both these assets. The assets in the country did not prove to be lethal for them as they were used in the right way. This was quite beneficial for the country to achieve stable economy. The political leaders of Botswana believed in national integrity and worked towards the betterment of the state. And thus Botswana did not approach the International Monetary Funds for any kind of aid. But they received advices and suggestions from the outsiders who belonged to public or private institutions. These advisories helped in devising a future plan for the country. They laid out plans which involved the whole structure of the country and not only one department. The advisors selected by the state were properly interviewed and then hired. This showed that the state w as being controlled properly and each and every individual in the state had the spirit to move the country towards prosperity. For e.g. the deputy governor who was referred to by the IMF was only hired by the state when he was interviewed. This clearly illustrated that the state was internally stable and was working towards the betterment of the state. The state of Botswana maintained a good relationship with the International Monetary Funds through out its history. The advisories of International Monetary Funds helped the state of Botswana in tackling the problems of economics in the state. And these advisories were highly honored by the state of Botswana. Botswana was not helped properly by the IMF when it faced the problem of liquidity. But this was because of the requirements of the IMF. An economic policy should be devised before asking for any financial help from the IMF. This generally is a correct way of handling the situation as the IMF provides support so that the state ca n prosper further. However even then the state of Botswana was strong enough to pass through these problems. The reserves which the state of Botswana had from the income generated from its natural assets

The Feminine Voice of Africa Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 19

The Feminine Voice of Africa - Essay Example Men and women both get caught up by the forces of history and circumstances of their physical and social environment, getting transformed in the process. As a result, they are bound together by a common fate in the face of hardship and oppression to assert their rights. Ousmane portrays the strike from all possible angles and in that respect, the novel is often compared to Émile Zola's masterpiece, Germinal. In God’s Bits of Wood, the strike causes evolution in the self-perceptions of the Africans themselves, both men and women. This is most evident in the women characters—Bamako, Thies, and Dakar. These women go from mutely standing behind the men in their lives, to walking alongside them and eventually marching ahead of them. In the course of the novel, they undergo a metamorphosis in terms of initiative and expression. Ousmane establishes the central issue in the opening pages of the novel through the musings of Niakoro, an aged woman of the community. When the men are able to work the jobs that the train factory provides them, the women are responsible for running the markets, preparing the food, and rearing the children. However with the onset of the strike, the role of bread-winner or perhaps more precisely bread scavenger, shifts to the women. Women go from supporting the strike to actively participating in the strike. Eventually, it is the women that march on foot, over four days from Thies to Dakar.  

Compare and contrast the Baldrige core principles with W. Edwards Essay

Compare and contrast the Baldrige core principles with W. Edwards Deming's 14 points - Essay Example The paper explores comparison and contrast between Baldrige principles with W. Edwards Demings 14 points. The application of quality in production has a long history, starting from 1970’s in Japan and gaining recognition across the world because of its positive effect on product quality (Evans & Lindsay, 2012). This resulted in inventing principles such as total quality management (TQM) that focuses on collective efforts of managers and workers with an aim to satisfy customers’ quest by continually improving operations, management processes and product whose origin traced to W. Edward Deming, Joseph M. Juran and Philip B. Crosby. While the Baldrige principle from Malcolm Baldrige consist of seven core areas: leadership, information and analysis, strategic quality planning, human resource utilization, quality assurance of services, quality results and customer satisfaction. Total Quality Management (TQM) is generally associated with W. Edwards Deming. The economic transformation of post-war Japan through application of TQM principles lead to the crediting of Deming. According to Deming, the principle of total quality management (TQM) embraces total commitment to process and product (or service) improvement by all employees at all levels. On other hand, the Baldrige principle enacted into law in 1990 to emulate and stimulate economic success similar to that of Japan as a result spread the usage of the total quality management (TQM) in businesses and industries in the United State. Moreover, the Baldrige principle invented by Malcolm Baldrige is an illustration of the total quality management (TQM) beliefs because of its seven-core element addressed in the Baldrige sums objectives of the total quality management whose main purpose is to ensure constant quality production (Anderson et al , 2010). This lead into many companies embracing Baldrige in their o peration as it enables collection of baseline data vital in the measurement of the

Abu Dhabi economy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Abu Dhabi economy - Assignment Example All Islamic adherents imbue involving social and religious attachment on the work culture while guiding employees accordingly. The guidance starts at the beginning of employment when a prospective employee is given a contract that shows a modern Islamic culture in the workplace. In the holy month of Ramadan, companies advise their staff to follow internal cultural transformation. The opportunity offers a comfortable environment which encourages all employees not to miss the chance to fast without official Islamic grounds to perform appropriate obligatory prayers, and offer charity to their best. Halal food products The Muslim staff is not allowed to eat, smoke and drink in the month of Ramadan, however, non-Muslims are allowed to use hidden office spaces to take lunch, and tea breaks dressing conventionally is encouraged to adhere to religious observances of other people, and music is banned across all the premises. The month of Ramadan is celebrated by special foods in baskets to ea ch employee at an elaborate Iftar party festival. In addition, office working hours have been shortened to six hours from 8:00 AM to around 2:00 PM. Ramadan is not only a significant month in the marketing activities of the company but also the busiest one (Davidson, 2009, p.256). The company’s warehouse is often active all round the clock as regional distribution processes and production degrees rise significantly. In each month of Ramadan, the Al Islam’s sales have increased from twenty to approximately forty percent in comparison to other months. Laudable remains the fact that demand increase is not entitled to only individuals, but for family consumption with massive number of donations meals arranged for the under-privileged. Each year, Ramadan brings an aggressive feeling of competition among other food companies. On its part, Al Islamic has introduced a range of marketing as well as theme founded promotions to encourage its sales by increasing up its distributio n activities. The company focused on unique and Ramadan specific commodities offerings with exceptional discounts given to consumers, and iftar and suhur made available. As a leader in the halal segment, the firm has undertaken the social role of educating the general public on the halal meat process together with innate difference between halal and the genuine halal. The company launched a Ramadan’ promotional strategy on creating awareness on animal’s electric stunning, which is associated with the slaughtering process. On the other hand, stunning is a practice associated with the food industry as â€Å"real halal† slaughtering takes place without stunning (Davidson, 2009, p.456). Al Islami has undertaken an initiative to educate consumers on different slaughtering practices, as well as informing them that the firm does not make use of stunning, and deploys a hygienic method of slaughter using hands. Al Islami makes use of representatives at various slaughterh ouses and abattoirs in the world. Al Islami Foods believe that they have to be an example with successful management that blends religious obligations in the working culture. They provide a healthy corporate, as well as social environment, reflects the holiness of the Holy month. Advantages of Abu Dhabi business environment Abu Dhabi has become a competitive business location in attracting foreign investments by ensuring updating of business legislation to establish an optimum environment for investments to flourish. Present legislation in terms of tax, property rights, corporate governance, ownership and corporate governa

Vicarious Liability for Police Supervisors Research Paper

Vicarious Liability for Police Supervisors - Research Paper Example The law has with considerable forethought, extended the scope of this doctrine to encompass the activities of the police. Thus, senior police officials are under a duty to supervise the activities of their subordinate officers. They are directly liable to the public for the acts of their subordinates (Del Carmen 107). This rule applies even when they authorize, participate, or ratify such acts. These senior officials are also liable, when the act had been committed in their presence and it had been possible for them to prevent it, but they had preferred to remain indifferent. Vicarious liability connotes indirect responsibility for the negligent actions of subordinates. Such conduct could be the outcome of negligence in hiring, training, assignment, supervision, entrustment, or retention (Del Carmen 107). The State laws may render police supervisors liable for the actions affecting subordinates. In general, direct liability tends to be related to the reasons for which employees could be reassigned, suspended, demoted, or dismissed from service. The provisions of Title 42 Section 1983 are generally invoked, in order to render a police supervisor directly liable to the public (Del Carmen 107). ... In addition, these police supervisors have to enhance their awareness regarding the actions and competencies of their subordinates. As such, police supervisors should recommence the fundamental tasks of continually supervising, teaching, updating, and controlling their subordinates. This will prevent to a major extent, the various civil rights actions that tend to be undertaken on a regular basis against the actions of the police. In the contemporary world, there has been a tremendous increase and development in technologies related to computers, the Internet and communications (Grossman). Consequently, the cost of providing refresher courses and documentation on a continual basis should not exceed the cost of a legal action for failure of the municipality to provide proper training and adequate supervision, with regard to its law enforcement officers (Grossman). In Suders v Easton, the plaintiff was a police communications operator, who resigned from her post without officially info rming the police department of her having been subjected to sexual harassment. Subsequently, she sued the police department for sexual harassment in violation of Title VII. Her contention was that her resignation was tantamount to a constructive discharge (Bass 195). The Third Circuit ruled that a constructive discharge on account of sexual harassment by a supervisor was a tangible employment action. This ruling effectively precluded the police department’s affirmative defense to vicarious liability. Such an affirmative defense can be resorted to when the sexual harassment does not lead to a tangible employment action (Bass 195). However, this important ruling was overturned by the Supreme Court in Pennsylvania State Police v Suders. The reason

Reality TV Shouldn’t be a Reality Essay Example for Free

Reality TV Shouldn’t be a Reality Essay When you turn on a television today, reality TV litters the media. This is what our generation idolizes. But is it appropriate? Is this what we should be watching? When I see adults making immature and stupid decisions, I can only say, â€Å"No†. So I purpose that we ban the brain-melting reality TV material. Most reality TV shows, like â€Å"Jersey Shore†, is just a brain-numbing wreck that most children, teens, and even adults get sucked into. All this is doing is glamorizing bad decisions, stupidity, and bad behavior. Teens and kids want to be like these people, but is this how you want them to be? Of course not! So why allow children and teens watch reality television? Aside from the horrifying incompetence, reality television is a complete waste of time. Children and teens waste hours of watching reality television. Stupid dialogue and inappropriate behavior is no reason to waste hours of their lives! They could be doing more important things than to watch reality TV. By allowing them to watch reality television, parents are giving children the right to follow these â€Å"reality TV stars’† horrible example and waste away their lives. Another reason we should stop reality television is that it could disrupt our community. Instead of going outside and being active, a lot of people prefer to stay inside to watch reality television. Instead of filming documentaries that can inspire and prosper, filming crews work with degenerates that pollute our minds. And instead of living a good, clean, and meaningful life, the reality TV stars spend their life’s acting foolish and immoral. Unfortunately, this is a normal truth of our society, though I believe it shouldn’t be. Reality television shouldn’t be the center of our attention. So as you can see, reality TV should be banned form our society for multiple reasons, including that it glorifies and promotes bad behavior, is a waste of time, and that it could disrupt our community. There has to be a better way to use our time, money, and life’s.

The Political And Legal Systems Of Indonesia

The Political And Legal Systems Of Indonesia 1. Country profile: Indonesia is located in the southeast part of Asia. Indonesia stretches 5120 km along the equator and has 13000 islands between Australia and Asia. Due to this there has been an influence on the social, cultural, economic and political life of the country. Indonesias total area is 80% sea mass. Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan, Papua and Sulawesi are the five a largest island of which java is the most populated island, a total population of 125 million (CIA 2010). Jakarta is the capital of Indonesia. Indonesia has a tropical climate which consists of two seasons summer from May to September and the rainy season from October to April. Indonesia experiences rain during both the seasons. The fourth most populated country in the worlds is Indonesia with a population of 242.96 million (CIA 2010). Indonesia is the largest Muslim country. It is an ethnically diverse country with more than 300 languages. http://mapoftheunitedstates.files.wordpress.com/2008/03/indonesia_.jpg Figure 1: Indonesia Map Sources: CIA Website 2010 2. Political system and Legal systems: Indonesia today is Southeast Asias most vibrant democracy. The Indonesians enjoy a level of political freedom. The present improved political system now encourages freedom and equality for the people of Indonesia. Figure 2: Political system of Indonesia Source: Indonesia 2009: An official handbook The three key branches of the Indonesian government are The executive branch The legislative branch The judicial branch 2.1 Executive branch: The president is the head of the state and government, in turn is on top of the executive branch. Under him is the vice-president, cabinet ministers and also non-departmental agencies. He is also the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. The main role of the president is to govern his nation, make policies and look in to the foreign affairs. The president has the power to assign and reject the cabinet ministers. One of the main roles of the president is to assign the judge for the Supreme Court. 2.2 Legislature branch: This branch consist a representative body which is the peoples consultative assembly or (MPR). The MPR has the right to question the integrity of the president. The MPR has two lower chambers i.e the Peoples Representative Council or the (DPR) and the Regional Representatives Council or (DPD). 2.3 Judicial branch: The Indonesian judicial system has three main courts i.e. the high court, Supreme Court and the district courts. The Supreme Court is the highest level. These courts have the rights to exercise both civil and criminal cases. Indonesia has different courts for different matters, religious courts, military courts and administrative courts. Firstly all the civil disputes are handled in a state court and then forwarded to the high court. A commercial court exists to handle bankruptcy and commercial matters. The three branches of the legal system in Indonesia are The notaries Advocates Legal consultants. A notary is appointed by the Department of Justice Human Rights who is trained legally to notarise deeds. A notary prepares and executes the formal deed called the notarised deed, it is also known as the authentic deed. The legal documents require notarised deeds. The role of the notary is to make sure that the parties have considerable amount of proof for their deeds and the deed is executed properly. The notary should be present when a party plans to start a company. A notary is appointed by the government and his duty does not include giving legal advice. These parties need to get legal advice before they meet the notary. The main duties of the notary are to prepare and verify the documents. The parties are free to choose any notary they want. Advocates are lawyers who practice privately and have formal legal training. The main duty of the advocates is to focus on litigation but they can also provide general legal advice. For advice on foreign transaction experienced lawyers are needed.Hiring a good and trust worthy lawyer is essential for doing business in Indonesia. Some of the important laws relevant for businesses in Indonesia are given below: The Law on Investment The Labour Law The bill on Mineral and Coal Mining The Oil and Gas law The Shipping Law Law on Disputes and Conflict resolution Corporate Law Land rights Few tips for the foreign investors There should not be any restrictions on the type of business the company is planning to start. A good notary is a must to set up a business. The employees who have an important position should be paid well. Build good relations with the company and the society. 3. Economic system Under the leadership of Suharto who was the president of Indonesia for over three decades the economy had witnessed two major financial crises. This was during 1997- 98 and 2008. Indonesian economy is directly dependent on three main sectors, Agriculture Manufacturing Service. These crises were direct result of corrupt politicians, natural disasters, disturbances in the society and terrorism. The result was that the economy suffered which in turn caused in drop of employment opportunities and loss of manpower that migrated in search of employment. The graph shows the distribution of workforce among the three key economic sectors. Indonesias Employment Figure 3: Indonesian Employment Source: Economy Watch The three main sectors that constitute the Indonesian Economy are: Primary Sector: Agriculture by far is the largest employment sector. Some of the common produce is rice, pork, coffee, tea, cocoa, spices, rubber, eggs, copra, palm oil and peanuts. Indonesia stands 4th in world market for the production of coffee and rice. Secondary Sector: Nearly 27.9% of Indonesians GDP comes from the manufacturing sector (EIU 2010). Tertiary Sector: Service sector has for long has been the pillar of Indonesian economy contributing nearly 38.5% towards the countrys GDP. Global financial crises slowed down the IT sector. However, it has been predicated to contribute up to 15% towards the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) during the period of 2010-2014 (EIU 2010) . Hospitality industry has surprisingly started contributing towards Indonesian economy. The tourism industry flourished with no major impact due to the global recession. 4. Economy: Indonesia has the largest economy in Southeast Asia. It is a market based economy with a significant involvement of the state. There are a large number of state owned enterprises (SOEs). Indonesia is considered as an emerging economy. In the end of 2009 the GDP was $540.3 billion and the per capita GDP was $2717. The GDP growth in 2010 reached 5.9% and to further accelerates to an average of 6.2 % a year in 2011-2014. In terms of GDP industrial sector is the largest (46.9%), followed by services (37.2%) and agriculture (15.9%)  [i]  . Indonesia is a major exporter of oil (US Department of State 2010) Indonesia is market leaders in the production of palm oil and one of the main producers of rubber, coal, liquefied natural gas and cocoa. Some of the prime industries are mining, petroleum and natural gas, cement, textiles and chemical fertilizers. There is a reduction in the poverty of the population. Indonesian economy has been improving after some major financial crisis in the past, thus investing on Indonesian Economy would be associated with low risk. Growth in GDP by field of business from 2005 to 2009: Growth (%) 2007 2008 2009 Agriculture 3,5 4,8 4,13 Mining and Quarrying 2 0,5 4,37 Manufacturing 4,7 3,7 2,11 Electricity, Gas and Water Supply 10,3 10,9 13,78 Construction 8,6 7,3 7,05 Trade, Hotels and Restaurants 8,4 7,2 1,14 Transportation and Communications 14 16,7 15,53 Finance, Rental and Business Service 8 8,2 5,05 Services 6,6 6,4 6,40 GDP 6,3 6,1 4,55 Sources: Bank Indonesia and Asian Development Bank 2010 Distribution of GDP by field of business from 2005 to 2009: Distribution of GDP (%) 2007 2008 2009  [ii]   Agriculture 13,8 13,7 15,3 Mining and Quarrying 8,7 8,3 10,5 Manufacturing 27,4 26,8 26,4 Electricity, Gas and Water Supply 0,7 0,7 0,8 Construction 6,2 6,3 1,0 Trade, Hotels and Restaurants 17,3 17,4 13,4 Transportation and Communications 7,3 8 6,2 Finance, Rental and Business Service 9,4 9,5 7,2 Services 9,3 9,3 5,6 Sources: Bank Indonesia and Asian Development Bank 2010 4.1 Inflation Rate: According to the financial report in April 2011 Indonesian inflation rate stood at 6.16 %. During the period between 1997 to 2010, Indonesian inflation rate averaged between 13.26% and reaching its all time high of 82.4% in the third quarter of 1998 and reached a all time low record of -1.17 % in first quarter of 2000. 4.2 Social Economy: The population of Indonesia stood at 232.4 million during 2010. It has a healthy percentage of population who are young. The median age is 27.2 years and the population growth is 1.175%. Looking at the age structure, 28.4% of the population is between 0-14 years, 67.5% are between 16-67 and 5.8% over 65 years. Life expectancy is 70.46 years. As of February 2011, labour force was 116.5 million. When dividing the labour force by sector, one finds that agriculture employs the most people (42.1%), closely followed by the services sector (39.3%). 18.6% are employed in the industrial sector. The table shows the distribution of the employment among the major industries. Industry # of employees % Agriculture, Livestock, Forestry, Fishery 42,689,635 41.83 Mining and Quarrying 1,062,309 1.04 Manufacturing 12,440,141 12.19 Electricity, Gas, Water 207,909 0.20 Construction 4,733,679 4.64 Trade, Hotels, Restaurants 20,684,041 20.27 Transportation, Storage, Communication 6,013,947 5.89 Finance, Real estate and Business services 1,440,042 1.41 Community, Social and Personal services 12,778,154 12.52 Source: Indonesia 2008: An Official Handbook Indonesias official unemployment level is currently 7.4 %; a decrease from former levels of unemployment between 8 and 9 %. 5. Cultural issues Indonesias workforce values is as given below: http://www.geert-hofstede.com/graphs/hofstede_indonesia.gif Figure 5: Geert Hofstedeà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ Cultural Dimensions Sources: Geertz Hofstede 2009 The above graph indicates that Indonesians are generally inclined towards distribution of power in a pyramid like structure as opposed to individualism which is promoted in western cultures. Culture is a multi layered which incorporates a multitude of aspects which has to be closely understood before any new venture is planned. Below figure outlines a few key determinants which constitutes a culture, Figure: Cultural Norms Source: International Business, Asia pacific edition. The Indonesian culture is quite different from the western culture. Tradition is very important for the Indonesians even though they live in a modern society. This does not mean they dont welcome the western culture. Indonesians are proud of their background and are not very keen on learning about different cultures. They in turn expect the foreigners to invest time and effort in learning their culture. In order to build good relations with the Indonesians it is better to learn their language and culture. This wont be an obstacle since the Indonesians are friendly and polite people. To establish itself it is mandatory for business to invest and participate in the development of the social structure and economy of Indonesia. Variables such as gender, age, marital status and education affect the ease with which personal and commercial relationships are formed. In order to penetrate and govern smooth operations it is advised to nominate older and mature executives to be in charge as opposed to young executives. It has been proved that aggressive nature of pursing business has many risks associated as the social structure calls for investing time in nurturing and building relationships adhering to the cultural norms which in turn will lead to successful business operations. 6. Ethical Issues: The most common ethical issues encountered are employment practices, human rights, environmental regulations, corruptions and the moral obligations. Skilled labour is more of a commodity in Indonesia as the local companies invest minimal time and effort on training their staffs. Investing on training and development is one of the key initiatives that have to be undertaken by any new ventures. Recent trends show employees value the time and money invested in training and development which in turn leads to increased loyalty and increase production. Drastic changes in management policies have to be subtle and well planned, as this might lead to insecurity and misunderstanding. It is suggested to seek assistance from independent auditors to review any human rights violations that might indirectly affect the business. But recent trends suggest minimal human right violations. Environmental regulations in Indonesia are still being formalized and this in turn posts a challenging dilemma of adhering to the policies which is far inferior to that of the home nations environment policies. Added measures have to be put in place to maintain the delicate balance of the local surroundings and ensuring minimal impact to the environment. Corruption in Indonesia has been a long standing issue. Recent change in the government structure has not been to counter this major concern. This has been a major determinant for foreign investors to shy away from Indonesian markets. To negate this factor the organizations culture and leadership should draft a code of ethics against corruption. And emphasize all business practices to strictly adhere to these ethics. 7. Trade: Due to the improvement in Indonesias trade the economy had seen a lot of positive changes. This change has increased employment opportunities, has reduced poverty and increased the status of the middle class. Indonesia has been able to recover well after the financial crisis when compared to the neighboring countries. Because of this Indonesia can increase its share in the global market and increase the domestic sales. For this to happen successfully Indonesia needs to reform its trade structure and reduce the tariffs and quotas. Even though there has been a drastic growth in the export of the countries resources, it has not made any progress in the exports of manufactured products. The main concern of the producers in Indonesia is they cannot compete with the producers who manufacture with reduced costs. One of the main reasons for Indonesias products to be weak in competition is the low level of connectivity. The high cost of transportation is one of main causes in the declining of trade. Trade between countries might be cheaper than trading among the islands. Transportation using trucks is inconvenient because of the poor roads in Indonesia. Another main disadvantage that reduces international trade is the low performance of Indonesias main ports. Just-in-time production is not possible in Indonesia because of the inefficient and expensive transports. Another issues concerning international trade is licensing and policies imposed by the government. Indonesia does not encourage in improving the logistics which deprives them of new technologies. 8. Investment opportunities by sector: Indonesian economy has great potential for foreign investments, as it is a large country with ample natural resources, mining and energy, forestry, agriculture, and marine resources, many of which are not exploited yet. The country has a very large and inexpensive workforce as well as a significant market. Indonesia has been experiencing a steady annual economic growth and this growth is continuing for years. 8.1 Energy: As an emerging economy, Indonesia depends heavily on an increased production domestically of energy resources. Energy is the largest export product and the second largest import product. When considering both the exploited/developed and unexploited/undeveloped energy resources, there is still a great potential for increased trade and investment in the energy sector. 8.2 Oil, gas and coal: Among the countries in Asia, Indonesia is among the top ranked country as it has proven gas reserves of about 3.18 trillion. It is predicated that the requirement is likely to increase in local power plants. Due to disappointing exploration by major players, oil production has decreased during the last decade. Its currently consumes nearly 1.2 million bbl/d of oil which makes it a net importer. The country has invested heavily on the production of natural gas targeting the export market, but declining oil production has forced them to divert most of its gas production into local markets. 8.3 Telecommunications: Indonesia for several years has been the fastest-growing mobile phone market in the Asia-Pacific region with annual growth rates of up to 60%. Even though Investing on mobile markets has been high its relatively small compared to the cost of establishing a fixed-line network. Millions of Indonesians who otherwise would not have access to telecom services now have a mobile Phone (CIA 2010). 8.4 Infrastructure: Indonesia has experienced rapid growth in the total number of road vehicles, particularly motorcycles, but also cars and trucks. Inadequate infrastructure is therefore often mentioned as one of the main impediments to investments in Indonesia. The government with the help other financial aids, is trying to improve the infrastructure by introducing new projects (Bloomberg 2010). 9. Foreign exchange: Exports are an integral part of Indonesian economy as it generates foreign exchange. This in turn allowed it to acquire raw materials and machinery required for the development. The earnings from Export helped Indonesia to borrow from international financial markets and development agencies. This helped government sponsor developmental projects in Indonesia. Because of the increase in borrowing by 1990 Indonesias total foreign debt was US $ 54 billion. A committee was established in 1991 named The Foreign Debt Coordinating Committee to check the growing foreign debt. Indonesia was funded by World Bank, Netherlands, Japan, Denmark and Asian Development Bank. The supply and demand relationship between international and the domestic market is determined by the foreign exchange rates in Indonesia. In an effort to stabilize the exchange rates the Bank of Indonesia regularly sterilizes the exchange rate. 9.1 Currency: The currency of Indonesia is the Rupiah It is a freely convertible currency. Since the rupiah was subjected to high inflation during the Asian Financial crisis in 1997-98, the rupiah has been considered as risky currency to hold. After the recovery of the economy the currency has been relatively stable. Today, this perception has changed as the solid fundamentals of the economy and sustained high yields underpin the attractiveness of investment. Historical exchange rates: Year IDR/USD IDR/NOK 2004 8,939 1,335 2005 9,704 1,507 2006 9,159 1,431 2007 9,143 1,559 2008 9,699 1,721 2009 9,754 1,675 2010 9,048 1,525 2011 8,590 1,534 Sources: Norges Bank, CIA 10. Financial management: Indonesia Financial sector in Indonesia is divided into banks held by local governments, banks held by state, private sector banks, foreign banks and cooperative banks. However three major players in the microfinance industry which govern the Indonesian markets are the state-owned BRIs, BPRs are small financial institutions and pawning company. Since 1986 the BRI unit has been profitable and has operated as an autonomous entity since its 1987. The Indonesian Movement for Microfinance Development (GEMA PKM) which is an organization comprising representatives of the government, NGOs, financial institutions, the business sector, universities, and research institutes. There primary objective is to partner in the drafting of a Microfinance Act, also formulating some best practices which would aid in poverty reduction and for the growth in economy. One such change was to introduce Tax Laws to fix corporate income tax to 25% from 2010.Description Description Final Income Tax Rate (%) Rentals of land and buildings 10% Proceeds from transfers of land and building rights 5% Interest on time or saving deposits and on Bank of Indonesia Certificates (SBIs) other than that payable to banks operating in Indonesia and to government approved pension funds 20% Interest on bonds other than that payable to banks operating in Indonesia and to government approved pension funds 15% Sale of exchange-traded shares on the Indonesian stock exchange 0.1% Forward contract derivatives 2.5% T ax Rate (%) The primary agenda in front of National Committee is to draft out issues and road blocks that are elevating poverty; It also organizes meeting between business and institutions in order to identify and assess policies that are currently imposed on small businesses and MFIs; They are in the process of accelerating the passage of a new Credit Collateral Law that will simplify distribution of microcredit system. 11. Recommendation: Indonesia remains as attractive destination to invest, but has been found vulnerable to multiple risks. Therefore is it imperative for Organizations to take a proactive approach while considering investment options. Below are some of the strengths which will aid in decision making and also some of the weaknesses that have to be assessed in order to formulate an effective risk management strategy. Weakness Low investment rate Limited bank intermediation Infrastructure deficiencies Persistent corruption and lack of transparency Interethnic tensions exacerbated by high unemployment and poverty Strengths Strengthened banking sector Diversity of natural resources (agricultural, energy, mining) High competitiveness underpinned by low labour costs Consolidation of political stability Dynamic tourism 12. Conclusion: The above report provides a high level overview of the feasibility and associated risk involved in investing in Indonesia. The current business environment posts several challenges some of the main issues are bureaucracy which lacks transparency, uncertain legal structure, poor infrastructure and lacks security. But recent trends all point towards organizations exploring developing economics in search of expansion as the market has tremendous opportunities. Decentralization of power is not adding in smooth investment as this structure introduces further levels of bureaucratic process. Adding to the above mentioned problems Indonesia has been prone to natural calamities which add to the existing risks. 13. Executive Summary: As the fourth most populated country in the world, Indonesias large domestic market offers a wide range of investment opportunities for foreign and domestic investors. This report will try to assess some of the key elements such as the political system and legal system asses the favorability and ease of investment in Indonesian markets. Then the report shifts its focus on the economic system which by far is one of the most important factors that directly influences investment decisions. Economic growth which has been predicated to be in the range of 5% and 7 % for the next five years, which shows proactive approach by the Indonesian government to attract FDI. The projected FDI by 2014 is expected to reach approximately US$222 billion. The government has made amendments to reduce income tax on cooperates and fixed it to a flat rate of 25%. The licensing process has been made easy to encourage investments in the mining and shipping sectors. Decentralization of government sectors has acted as a major road block in simplifying the licensing process for foreign organizations to invest in Indonesian markets. Indonesia currently has some of the largest deposits of natural gas and oil resources across Asia. According to the recent trends and investigating the various sectors contributing towards the current situation, Indonesia can be considered as a medium risk investment opportunity. It is recommended to take a cautious approach in investing in Indonesian markets. Foreign investments should consider investing on Indonesian Limited Liability Company to reduce potential risks. Also opening small branch offices and assessing the market condition is the most suitable option of investment.

Project Management Of Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant Project Construction Essay

Project Management Of Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant Project Construction Essay Solar photovoltaic cells convert sunlight into electricity and many solar photovoltaic power stations have been built, mainly in Europe. As of September 2010, the largest photovoltaic (PV) power plants in the world are the Sarnia Photovoltaic Power Plant (Canada, 80 MW), Olmedilla Photovoltaic Park (Spain, 60  MW), the Strasskirchen Solar Park (Germany, 54  MW), the Lieberose Photovoltaic Park (Germany, 53  MW), the Puertollano Photovoltaic Park (Spain, 50  MW), the Moura Photovoltaic Power Station (Portugal, 46  MW), and the Waldpolenz Solar Park (Germany, 40  MW).[1] This proposal is for setting up a 50 MW (10 MW x 5 Phases) capacity solar photovoltaic power plant based on latest High Power Modules using cells consisting of Multi-Crystalline Silicon Technology / Tandem Junction Thin Film Technology, which has been successfully developed for commercial implementation and has been delivering reliable power generation around the world for some years now. The solar photovoltaic power project is proposed to be set up in Jodhpur district of Rajasthan, India which is one of the best suited locations in terms of higher annual direct normal insolation (DNI), favourable climatic conditions and land availability Some photovoltaic power stations which are presently proposed will have a capacity of 150  MW or more. Many of these plants are integrated with agriculture and some use innovative tracking systems that follow the suns daily path across the sky to generate more electricity than conventional fixed-mounted systems. There are no fuel costs or emissions during operation of the power stations. AIM This proposal examines the techniques of project management used in development of a solar photovoltaic power plant Project. The background of the project will be described including its planning, Execution, Operation Maintenance and Financial analysis a project; critical success factors for the project implementation are identified presenting an overview of project structure, methods, risks, etc. Objectives The objectives for the project are the successful completion of solar photovoltaic power plant, on budget, on time and safely. The objectives are also to develop world class project management best practices within the solar industry. Research Methodology The PMBOK Guide states that projects are composed of two kinds of process: project management processes and product-oriented processes (which specify and create the project product). Project management processes are further divided into initiating, planning, execution, controlling and closing processes. This proposal mainly concentrates on the core processes of planning, execution and controlling. The project management process groups depicted in figure 1 are initiating, planning, executing, monitoring and controlling, and closing. Initiating defines and authorizes the project or a project phase. Planning defines and refines objectives and plans the course of action required to attain the objectives and scope that the project was undertaken to address. Executing integrates people and other resources to carry out the project management plan for the project. Monitoring and controlling regularly measures and monitors progress to identify variances from the project management plan so that corrective action can be taken when necessary to meet project objectives. Closing formalizes acceptance of the product, service, or result and brings the project or a project phase to an orderly end. Figure illustrates the relative depth, breadth, and interrelationship between these process groups. Planning Planning in organizations constitutes both the organizational process of creating and maintaining a plan; and the psychological process of thinking about the activities required to create a desired goal on some scale. As such, it is a fundamental property of intelligent behaviour. This thought process is essential to the creation and refinement of a plan or integration of it with other plans. It combines forecasting of developments with the preparation of scenarios of how to react to them. An important albeit often ignored aspect of planning, is the relationship it holds with forecasting. Forecasting can be described as predicting what the future will look like, whereas planning predicts what the future should look like. The above scenario is often used to describe the formal procedures used in the creation of documents, endeavour, diagrams, meetings to discuss the important issues to be addressed, objectives to be met and the strategy to be followed. Beyond this planning has a different meaning depending on the political or economic context in which it is used. Executing consists of the process used to complete the work defined in the project management plan to accomplish the projects requirements. Execution process involves coordinating people and resources as well as integrating and performing the activities of the project in accordance with the project management plan. The deliverables are produced as outputs from the processes performed as defined in the project management plan. This must be done in an integrated manner at regular intervals, not in a haphazard, arbitrary way. Any significant departures from the budget and the schedule must be reported immediately, because these anomalies affect the viability and the success of the entire project. This will lead to adapting the project schedule, budget and/or work plan as necessary to keep the project on track. The project progress and changes must be documented and communicated to the team members in a consistent, reliable and appropriate manner for each level of the project team. The proposed plant shall comprise High Power Modules using cells consisting of Multi-Crystalline Silicon Technology / Tandem Junction Thin Film Technology. Efficiency is varying from 6% 18%. Temperatures beyond 25oC have nominal effect on the efficiency of the modules. White Tempered Glass, EVA Resin and weather proof film along with Al frame is used for extended outdoor use. Lead wire with weather proof connector shall be used for output terminal. Both the technologies are standalone type which needs no external power or water source and hence is most appropriate for desert region of Rajasthan. Small amount of processed water or compressed air is required only for cleaning of the system. The 89 pet watts of sunlight reaching the Earths surface is plentiful almost 6,000 times more than the 15 terawatts equivalent of average power consumed by humans. Additionally, solar electric generation has the highest power density (global mean of 170 W/m ²) among renewable energies. Solar power is pollution-free during use. Production end-wastes and emissions are manageable using existing pollution controls. End-of-use recycling technologies are under development. PV installations can operate for many years with little maintenance or intervention after their initial set-up, so after the initial capital cost of building any solar power plant, operating costs are extremely low compared to existing power technologies. Solar electric generation is economically superior where grid connection or fuel transport is difficult, costly or impossible. Long-standing examples include satellites, island communities, remote locations and ocean vessels. When grid-connected, solar electric generation replaces some or all of the highest-cost electricity used during times of peak demand (in most climatic regions). This can reduce grid loading, and can eliminate the need for local battery power to provide for use in times of darkness. These features are enabled by net metering. Time-of-use net metering can be highly favourable, but requires newer electronic metering, which may still be impractical for some users.

Arguements For Gun Control Essay -- essays research papers

The violence in today’s world, has become ordinary and common. This violence causes a staggering number of deaths and injuries throughout the world. The main weapon used to engage in violence is the gun. That’s why I want a strict gun control policy that would nearly abolish guns and make the world a safer place. This policy would make it impossible to buy guns and would only allow hunters to â€Å"rent† guns. By doing this, violence, related to guns, would greatly and rapidly decrease. On April 20th, 1999, 2 friends from Columbine, Colorado came to school. They had a diabolical plan to try and kill as many people as possible. They were well prepared and had thought out their plan carefully. Together they had 4 guns with them when they began their â€Å"operation†. It resulted in the biggest gun issue in the U.S. to date. 12 students and a teacher were killed, that’s not including the 2 killers who committed suicide shortly after the murders. Around 20 others were injured. This single act at Columbine high school sparked a question in American society, is our gun control policy strong enough? I say it isn’t, with all the deaths and or related to violence in our country today, it’s nearly nearly impossible to ignore it. I say we need a very strict gun control policy. An after diasters like Columbine, a lot of people agree with me. Unfortunately, the government just can’t snap their fingers and automatically have a gun control policy. Like all laws and regulations, it must go through congress and if it gets through that, then it has to be signed by the president. Many gun control policies and been proposed in congress and most haven’t even made it through a committee. According to the article â€Å"Gun Control vs. Gun Rights†, on www.opensecrets.org, the government only takes action on gun control when a diaster occurs or when a well known figure is killed. In my eyes, this is entirely true considering that when a â€Å"normal everyday joe† is killed, he doesn’t make national headlines. It makes sense however, the people aren’t going to make a big deal out of a guy that they don’t know. Also it’s a known fact that when it comes to gun control, democrats and republicans, split right down the middle when it comes to gun control. Democrats favor heavy restriction on guns. Republicans sway towards gun rights and tend to hide behind the 2nd amendment. This results in gridlock (when... ...ssible considering that since the demand would go up and the supply would go way down, some people would be able to smuggle them in from other countries from lots of money. Also I understand that the hunters in particular wouldn’t be happy with this policy. I myself am not a hunter, I don’t believe in killing something for fun. I do, however, understand that I’m from an urban society and wasn’t raised remotely close to how most people who hunt are raised. Some hunters argue that it’s a source of food but it’s not â€Å"survival† food and therefore I wouldn’t let hunters keep their guns. I know that I’m being extremely bias, but I feel very strongly against guns and what they are capable of. Don’t get me wrong, I know that guns have probably helped us war most of war we’ve fought and saved some families from starvation but it’s today world there’s just no need for them. I love to argue my point. I also love a challenge. That’s why I’ve decided to debate someone standing by his own opinion, our founding fathers, and the 2nd amendment of the U.S. Constitution. The actricles that I’m going to rip apart, is â€Å"Gun Control Isn’t About Guns, It’s About Control† and â€Å"43 to 1†, by Mark Howerter.

To Autumn Essay -- To Autumn John Keats English Literature Essays

To Autumn I find this to be a deeply enjoyable poem. I take delight in it, even though I recognize in it some inadequacy. But, frankly, I like it best of all of Keats's work and know it by memory. It all comes together nicely and has an exceptionally fine ending.I do not discern any particular interpretative problems with this work. The poem is a lyrical evocation of autumn with a complex tonal blend which both celebrates autumn's fullness and wistfully regrets its sense of loss and ending. There is nothing in the poem which induces me to seek out a deeper level of meaning, since I believe that poem operates, for the most part, at a very literal level.I respond well to the mimetic depiction of autumn in the work (even though it is a different kind of autumn than the one I am familiar with) and I am generally inclined to enjoy seasonal verse and its various potentialities for lyrical expression. I don't find anything in the poem that gets to me in a moral or philosophical sense. I am not in any sense, "moved" by the poem as some kind of--as many scholars claim it is--meditation on death. I simply don't see that here. It would seem that my pleasure is taken primarily in the aesthetic qualities of the work. However, there is something wrong with the work on this score; the three different stanzas don't match and fit one another as well as they might; there is some clumsiness in the work, especially as one moves from one stanza to the next. These faults, however, are not so serious as to mar the excellence of the work.The general plan of "To Autumn" is relatively simple. As a whole, the poem is a lyrical description of autumn in terms of certain objects, processes, and events associated with that season, or... ...a beautiful poem. There are, of course, flaws in the work--loose ends, slips in structural coherence--and these have been noted and, we hope, accounted for. But the remainder of the evidence points to that kind of extraordinary interrelatedness of elements which is above all the hallmark of a beautiful thing. To be sure, "To Autumn" is not a very great poem; even without the flaws, it is a relatively modest achievement: the very subtle complexity and sophistication of a Shakespearean sonnet, the dynamically brilliant beauty of Miltonic verse, the dazzling precision of Pope are certainly not in evidence here. Even within the scope of Keats's entire work, if "To Autumn" lacks some of the more problematic discontinuities and lapses to be found in his very best writings, it also lacks some of the felicities of aesthetic form to be found in these same works.

cloning :: essays papers

cloning Abstract As bioethics Leon R. Kass points out in his essay The Wisdom of Repugnance, those who defend human cloning regard themselves mainly as friends of freedom: the freedom of individuals to reproduce, the freedom of scientists and inventors to discover and devise and to foster ‘progress’ in genetic knowledge and technique." Kass goes on to stress that in fact, a "right to reproduce" has always been a peculiar and problematic notion. Rights generally belong to individuals, but this is a right which (before cloning) no one can exercise alone. Does the right then inhere only in couples? Only in married couples? Is it a (woman’s) right to carry or deliver or a right (of one or more parents) to nurture and rear? Is it a right to have your own biological child? Is it a right only to attempt reproduction, or a right also to succeed? Is it a right to acquire the baby of one’s choice? Critical analysis Kass debate on human cloning has brought to the surface a glaring deficiency of bioethics. It has few if any good methods for dealing with new and novel technologies. By that I mean those technologies where there seem to be no relevant historical precedents and where the potential benefits and harms are speculative only, not yet available for empirical testing. How might we best try to assess such technologies, and what counts as a good or bad argument for ethics and for public policy? Nor is it reasonable to insist on "empirical evidence" of benefit or harm when the scientific outcomes are still in the future and wholly speculative in nature. Such evidence could become available only when human cloning was a reality; and then it could take years or decades after that to determine whether it had been a wise move to allow the research to go forward in the first place. The key issue here is not genetic determinism or genetic identity but the preservation of individuality — by no means the same as genetic identity. Even so-called "identical" twins are not wholly identical genetically; that is well known. More to the point here is the issue of parents trying to use children for parental ends, procreating them with traits chosen by the parents for the purr-poses of the parents, not the welfare of the children. We happily accept twins when they are born, but no parents I have heard of go out of their way to procreate twins, or turn to assisted reproduction specialists to procreate twins. cloning :: essays papers cloning Abstract As bioethics Leon R. Kass points out in his essay The Wisdom of Repugnance, those who defend human cloning regard themselves mainly as friends of freedom: the freedom of individuals to reproduce, the freedom of scientists and inventors to discover and devise and to foster ‘progress’ in genetic knowledge and technique." Kass goes on to stress that in fact, a "right to reproduce" has always been a peculiar and problematic notion. Rights generally belong to individuals, but this is a right which (before cloning) no one can exercise alone. Does the right then inhere only in couples? Only in married couples? Is it a (woman’s) right to carry or deliver or a right (of one or more parents) to nurture and rear? Is it a right to have your own biological child? Is it a right only to attempt reproduction, or a right also to succeed? Is it a right to acquire the baby of one’s choice? Critical analysis Kass debate on human cloning has brought to the surface a glaring deficiency of bioethics. It has few if any good methods for dealing with new and novel technologies. By that I mean those technologies where there seem to be no relevant historical precedents and where the potential benefits and harms are speculative only, not yet available for empirical testing. How might we best try to assess such technologies, and what counts as a good or bad argument for ethics and for public policy? Nor is it reasonable to insist on "empirical evidence" of benefit or harm when the scientific outcomes are still in the future and wholly speculative in nature. Such evidence could become available only when human cloning was a reality; and then it could take years or decades after that to determine whether it had been a wise move to allow the research to go forward in the first place. The key issue here is not genetic determinism or genetic identity but the preservation of individuality — by no means the same as genetic identity. Even so-called "identical" twins are not wholly identical genetically; that is well known. More to the point here is the issue of parents trying to use children for parental ends, procreating them with traits chosen by the parents for the purr-poses of the parents, not the welfare of the children. We happily accept twins when they are born, but no parents I have heard of go out of their way to procreate twins, or turn to assisted reproduction specialists to procreate twins.

Puppy vs Older Dog

So you are in the market for a family dog, adopting a puppy can get very frustrating and over-whelming. There are many things to consider when looking for a dog. One choice to start with would be adopting a puppy or adopting an older dog, which would best suite your families lifestyle. Many people with careers, families, and hobbies do not have time to train a puppy and they forget to take that into consideration upon purchasing. I suggest adopting an older dog is the wisest choice considering they are more predictable, require a lesser amount of attention, and tend to be less costly.There are many differences between the behavior and predictability of an older dog and a puppy. How can you resist a cuddly, cute, and pudgy, little puppy. By adopting a puppy you are never too certain on what you are getting yourself into. A puppy is an adorable pet, but that stage will only last for the first year or so. They will soon grow out of that adorable little animal and turn into a dog. Adopti ng an older dog is pretty much predictable, what you see is what you get.Although, you will not be able to enjoy that cute ball of energy, you will have a better idea of the over all personality of your dog and how it will act more on a day to day basis. The dog will be at its full size from the earliest of a year old to three years old, and the crazy chewing and nipping stage is most likely out of the way because they will have all their teeth in. When teaching older dogs a new habit, they are more mind-set and alert on what is going on, making them easier and faster to train. With this being mentioned, you can teach a dog new tricks!Older dogs are less time consuming is another measure when taking into account on adopting a new family dog. They can be left alone for a longer period of time, anywhere between 8-12 hours, which a puppy would not be able to do. As read in the Housetraining article, â€Å"Generally speaking, a puppy can control his bladder one hour for every month of age. So if you're puppy is two months old, he can hold it for about two hours. Don't go any longer than this between bathroom breaks or he's guaranteed to have an accident. † (â€Å"Housetraining†, 2012, Para. ). There are other factors to take into consideration when speaking about time consuming. No matter what kind of dog you choose you will still need to have daily routine care, exercise, and affection available. This being said, all dogs will need to be picked up after, feed 1-3 times a day, taken for walks, brushed, petted and even just cuddled with. A dog is basically a member of your family, they are very comparable to having your own child. Treat them with love and affection. Even the matter of discipline takes time and effort.Many people get sick and tired of yelling at there dog and showing it the right thing to do. Dogs are very intelligent canines and will eventually catch on to what you are showing them, it is just a matter of time and patients that you ac company yourself with. Finally, how much is that doggie in the window? Dr. Williams proclaims, â€Å"The expense of owning a pet is probably the most overlooked consequence of any pet-owner relationship. Advances in pet care, especially in the development of pet foods and medical research, have caused ownership costs to increase over the last 10 years.Since it's not likely that this trend will reverse itself any time soon, potential â€Å"pet parents† should consider their finances before taking home a new pet. † (Williams, 2013, para. 4). Aside from adoption costs, there are other expenses such as, dog bowls, dog toys, dog food, first visit vet costs, leash, collar, tags, and dog license. Adopting an older dog will mean the dog will tend to be bigger than that of a puppy, therefore it will eat more inquiring more money monthly being spent on food.Although if you are adopting a puppy there are more factors that influence the cost a long with the ones listed above you w ill also need to get the dog spayed/neutered, cage, crate, carrying bag, and possibly training classes. Factoring in all these necessities, a puppy’s first year may cost up to $1500. 00 and an older dog can be nearly $800. 00, having pets are not as cheap as they once were, when people just kept them outside in doghouses all day long. Nowadays we treat them like family and loyal companions.Between the time availability, money factors, and predictability of what you are getting yourself into I would consider adopting an older dog is a clear and satisfying choice. Not only will you be happy with the dog you choose but you are also adopting your new best friend. References Housetraining Puppies. (2012). The humane society of the United States. Retrieved from http://www. humanesociety. org/animals/dogs/tips/housetraining_puppies. html Williams, J. (2013). What is costs to own a dog. Pet place. Retrieved from http://www. petplace. com/dogs/what-it-costs-to-own-a-dog/page1. aspx

Political Effectiveness Essay

7. 1 How far is the elected government able to influence or control those matters that are important to the lives of its people, and how well is it informed, organised and resourced to do so? Rating M The elected government in the Philippines has a long way to go to fully fulfill and succeed in turning the philippines around. Although, it does show promises. With organizations like the league of provinces where it aims to â€Å"ventilate, articulate, and crystallize issues affecting provincial and metropolitan government administrations. It likewise serves to secure, through proper and legal means, solutions to problems confronting the locales†(â€Å"league of provinces†, n. d. ). Some of its programs include expand revenue base which is an activiy that taps funds that may be used as grants to calamity affected provinces. (â€Å"league of provinces†, n. d.). Another government project that is trying to improve the quality of life in the philippines include the Diversified Farm Income and Market Development Project (DFIMDP) with aims to ensure the availability of financial resouces to help the department of agricultue develop market to promote competition for agriculture and fisheries(â€Å"Philippine LGU Assistane Portal† n. d. ). 7. 2 How much public confidence is there in the effectiveness of government and its political leadership? Rating L. The funny thing about the philippines is that even though the public protests a lot the there is really little that they can do(excluding the edsa 1 and 2 incident) but nonetheless the philippine citizens are unhappy about the government elect. Various scandals like the ZTE scandal have tainted philippines politics. Protests are happening left and right protests like the one last april 2008 marking the 61st birthday of PGMA(â€Å"the earth times†, 2008. ). A clear sign that the people have lost faith in her as a leader. 7. 3 How effective and open to scrutiny is the control exercised by elected leaders and their ministers over their administrative staff and other executive agencies? Rating L For several years now the philippines has been experiencing extrajudicial/political killings clear sign that the government and people in power are not open for criticism and objection. The year 2006 was a bad year in the philippines in terms of political killings and disappearances. Researched conducted by the human rights watch confirms that countless victims were killed in 2006 and that the military had a hand in most of the killings(â€Å"the human rights watch†, 2007.). 7. 4 How extensive and effective are the powers of the legislature to initiate, scrutinise and amend legislation? Rating L I rated this low because during the 13th sentor angara criticized that the 13th congress has passed the lowest number of laws in the last 20 years in an article by Ron Pelovello the senate in the last two years has passed only nine bills that were signed into law and only a couple of public works-related bills from the house of representatives it is also said that it has been the worst congress in 20 years(Pelovello, 2006. ). 7. 5 How extensive and effective are the powers of the legislature to scrutinise the executive and hold it to account? Rating VL This was clearly seen when the legislature failed to bring down gma after her alleged cheating in the 2004 elections (Del Pilar and Alpha Company, n. d. ). Also legislature failed again after the ZTE scandal (Einhorn, September 26). We can only hope that after 2010 we will have a better and more powerful legislature. 7. 6 How rigorous are the procedures for approval and supervision of taxation and public expenditure? Rating L 7. 7How comprehensive and effective is legislation giving citizens the right of access to government information? Rating VH Information today is very accessible with the internet and the effectiveness of the press and media nothing stays hidden and this is true with the very public case of the ZTE scandal where PGMA cancelled a controversial $330 million deal (Einhorn, September 26). This was a very open scandal and a very public trial. 8. 0Civilian control of the military and police 8. 1How effective is civilian control over the armed forces, and how free is political life from military involvement? Rating L I think the politics in the Philippines will never be free from military involvement several coup d’etat have struck the Philippines over the years the most recent would be that of trillianes. This would be his second coup attempt the first was in 2003. A clear example that the military is not as controlled as we would want them to be, the civilian control has to be improved. 8. 2 How publicly accountable are the police and security services for their activities? Rating L An article Romero and the AFP stated that the police is viewed by Filipino respondents as the most affected by corruption. Also globally the police are viewed as the most affected with petty bribery (Romero, 2007. ). 8. 3 How far does the composition of the army, police and security services reflect the social composition of society at large? Rating H 8. 4 How free is the country from the operation of paramilitary units, private armies, warlordism and criminal mafias? Rating VL The country has a long way to go before being completely free from private armies and paramilitary units. Events like the Oakwood mutiny that occurred 5 years ago (Remollino, 2006.) remind us that we are still a very unstable country in terms of paramilitary units. As for private armies the manila times published last year an article stating that the PNP admitted that there are 93 private armies nationwide (Manila Times, 2007), an alarming number that has to be brought down in order for our country to reach its full potential and take its place as a developed country. 8. 5 What measures, if any, are being taken to remedy publicly identified problems in this field, and what degree of political priority and public support do they have? Rating VL.

Important of Learning Foreign Language

Important of learning foreign language Language is systemic sounds or symbol in order to communicate with other people. In a world that increasingly interdependent, we can no longer afford to remain monolingual. Success depends in large measure on ability of an individual to function as members of global village whose members speak a variety of foreign language. Learning language is no longer past time but it is necessity. Learning more than one language is benefits to us because learning foreign languages can help us in working or business, able to travel to a foreign country, foreign language as a secret communication.One major part of learning foreign language is learning foreign languages can help us in working or business. If our work involves regular contact with speakers of foreign language, being able to talk to them with foreign language can help us communicate with them. It may also help us to make sales and negotiate secure contracts. Knowledge of learning foreign language can increase our chances of finding a new job, getting a promotion or transfer overseas, or of going on foreign business trips.Many English-speakers do not bother to learn foreign language because they believe that most of people they do business with foreign countries can speak English, and if they do not able to speak English, interpreters can be used. Lack of knowledge of foreign language puts the English-speakers at disadvantages. In a meeting, for an example, the people on the other side discuss things amongst themselves in their own languages without the English-speakers understanding. Interpreters slow down everything.In any socializing after meeting, the locals will feel more comfortable using their own language rather than English. The reason of learning foreign language is often being able to travel to a foreign country. Being able to speak native language with the locals has benefits in and of ourselves. Many English speakers seem to believe that wherever they go on holi day they can get by speaking English, so there's no point in learning any other languages. If people don't understand you all you have to do is speak slowly and turn up the volume. However, by putting forth the effort to speak with people in their own languages it shows the travelers are doing their best to take care of themselves in different environment. The locals can see their effort and willing to help the travelers. It also good because they can go restaurant, speak with the locals without help of friends or translator. Speaking to the locals is often highlight of many people’s trips. It gives insight on a new way of life and develops a new friendships. The another reason of learning foreign language is we can keep foreign language as a secret communication.The student has study it with a friend, both of you can converse without others knowing what you are saying. This is something that can be immensely helpful when speaking to family about private matters while out in public, or making important decisions in public. For example, a person may be making a large purchase, such as a car, and want to discuss some of its issues but you don’t want to have others eavesdropping. In this situation you could use your other language, especially if it is a language that not many people study, to talk to whoever came along with you.Eavesdropping is something that everyone does, but also something that everyone hates. This problem is easily avoided if the student studies a language that not many people study. Another way to help this is if you can find someone to study with. That, in and of itself, is encouragement. It keeps you accountable and learning with a friend is much more enjoyable. In a conclusion, learning foreign language is important around the world and it helps us in our daily life.The reason that we need to learn foreign language because learning foreign languages can help us in working or business, able to travel to a foreign country, for eign language as a secret communication. Whatever may be the reasons to learn a foreign language the bottom line is an incredible experience, with incredible benefits, this learning process is one of the most satisfying ones because we can use it on our day to day activities, not only for understanding what a block of text says but it makes you aware of other cultures and other people.

Nike Sweatshop

Trust Nikkei Inc. , the sports apparel multinational company has been under suspicion and scrutiny for their practice of the unfair treatment and negligent labor habits In their offshore factories. They have been criticized for human rights abuse, child labor law violations, as well as minimum wages and trade union relations violations within a number of Asian countries. They subsequently misguided the public in an attempt to make one believe there is no substance to the allegations of their involvement.The abusive and exploitative treatment and working conditions In these factories has been touted as Inhumane In nature as well as an Implored violation of worker's human rights (Figure 1). Some of the most common abuses being Imposed upon their workers were insufficient pay (Figure 2), inferior and hazardous working conditions, below standard living conditions and long grueling hours away from their families and home. In 2000 more than 11,000 sweatshops violated minimum wage and over time laws.This type of behavior brings to question their ability to gain trust thin their company amongst their employees, their investors, and the public. This hinges on one aspect of Interpersonal behavior found In Nine's sweatshops. By definition, trust is a culture of transparent communication which forms a foundation for building relationships. A sense of safety and the level of comfort when it comes to interpersonal interaction; this pervades a workplace that should developed and nurture a culture of trust (About. Com). NIKKEI Inc. Pays Tiger Woods enough money that he could purchase a house In the slums of Indonesia every second, while it pays heir factory workers low wages. It takes a worker In Indonesia work roughly 9. 5 years to make what Tiger makes In one round of golf Figure 3 shows the hourly wage for a Nikkei factory worker in Indonesia is $0. 34 an hour, which comes up to roughly $23. 80 a week per worker. This barely gives workers enough wages to cover their daily n eeds, versus $925. 00 per week for a comparable job in the United States. From an equity theory stance, this could lead to mistrust for Nine's underpaid workers.Nine's blatant unwillingness early on to be fair and Just In establishing equal pay for equal ark clearly would give their workers a sense of mistrust by taking advantage of not only the economic hardships within the country In which they've set up shop: but also by underrepresented what would be considered a â€Å"fair† wage if Nine's factory had been established in the United States. According to Greenberg the equity theory states, â€Å"People are motivated to maintain, equitable relationships between themselves and others and to avoid those relationships that are inequitable†.According to an AM Broadcast (201 3), unions In Indonesia say at least six Nikkei- contracted factories have applied to be exempt from paying an Increases to the minimum wage rate. According to Jim Keyed, founder of Educating for Justi ce, â€Å"this is a clear violation of Nine's code of conduct and in a more general sense; the minimum wage is a poverty wage alone. To pay less than the minimum wage I Just think absolutely runs counter to Nine's public claims that they care about the welfare of their workers and they want to see them have decent lives. Nikkei has also been accused of using deplorable tactics and coercion to force workers to produce Nine's defiant workers. If an employee doesn't do what is asked of them, they are whipped, eaten, killed, threatened at gun point, and subjected to search and seizure tactics within their homes. In any environment, work related or otherwise, where there is such brutality, an employee's emotional state and lack of positive motivation invites vulnerability, both internal as well as externally prohibiting those involved in any attempt at establishing trust.Typical in any relationship, as it applies to working conditions, when one person perceives that management and/or th e organization does not place a vested interest in their wellbeing equal to the organization itself, there is breach in confidence and trust. Corporate Responsibility: The pyramid of corporate social responsibility is composed of four types of responsibilities: Philanthropic, Ethical, Legal and Financial. According to Greenberg, â€Å"To be socially responsible, companies must meet the four types of responsibilities (2013).Nikkei has portrayed its sweatshop allegations as more of a crime against public relations rather than face that they've violated the factory workers' human rights. Their strategic decision has been to mislead the public. They have avoided addressing key issues regarding wages, forced overtime and suppression of workers' eight to freedom of association. This has led credence to civil and human rights groups to be Justifiably correct in treating Nikkei with suspicion. NIKKEI, Inc. ‘s code of ethics for all employees called, Inside the Lines, addresses the ex pectations of Nines' employees.It clearly defines the expectations of its employees to follow and include a range of topics regarding: employee activity, ethical behavior, product safety, legal compliance, competition and use of resources. Nine's code of conduct specifically addresses and places emphasis on the conduct of contractors that manufacture Nikkei-branded products. It directs them to respect the rights of their employees and promises to provide workers with a safe and healthy work environment. Nine's code of conduct states, â€Å"Nine's good name and reputation result in large part from our collective actions.That means the work-related activities of every employee must reflect standards of honesty, loyalty, trustworthiness, fairness, concern for others and accountability. We are expected to be sensitive to any situations that can adversely impact Nine's reputation and are expected to use good Judgment and common sense in the way we all conduct business. This Code of Ethi cs applies to Nikkei and its subsidiaries worldwide† (Nikkei, 2009). Yet, Nine's actions go completely against their policy regarding ethics and conduct.A clear violation of trust, as well as under- minding the responsibility of a reputable corporation to do what is morally and ethically right. It wasn't until the brutal working conditions, and intimidation tactics against these factory workers were exposed and Nine's corporate image was at stake. Price Waterholes Coopers (PWS), an independent monitoring firm hired by NIKKEI Inc to conduct interviews and surveys of the overseas factories. The interviews with Nine's factory workers lasted approximately 7 to 10 minutes each.The venue in which the interviews were conducted were not in a private setting where workers could express themselves openly, which was intimidating at best. In 1999, a worker in an Indonesia factory stated, that PWS or NIKKEI interviewed three line workers, the supervisors knew who the workers were and appro ached them after the interview to try to discover what they had disclosed. Clear violation of trust, workers could not workers to express themselves without reprisal. As you can see in the chart labeledFigure 4, Nikkei revenue sales were impact after the Nikkei scandal broke. While it appears revenue sales are beginning to incline there was a definite dip, which more than likely can be attributed to the scandal regarding Nine's business practices and treatment toward factory workers abroad as opposed to that of workers in the United States. NIKKEI sales are on the rise due to endorsements form Derek Jester ( New York Yankees), Eddie Jones (Miami Heat), Vince Carter (Toronto Raptors) and of course, Michael Jordan.Also, they have almost fixed the labor problems worldwide that have bothered them for years. Therefore, Nikkei is moving in the right direction to regain corporate social trust. Recommendations: Build Trust & Improve Corporate Responsibility From an ethical and corporate res ponsibility standpoint Nikkei should understand that they have obligation not only to their employees but to consumers as well to live up to the ethos they embody. Building trust amongst and commitment amongst their employees is vital to improving their corporate image.Enhancing their social image could attract more customers and investors, therefore provide positive benefits while creating a working environment that where employees feel safe, expected and valued will promote productivity and positive cash flow for the company. For example, to improve its public image, Nikkei could do the following: Establish a team to perform audits or inspection of facilities. Actively invest in the education of their overseas workers and/or their children to ensure they are taught valuable skills to better themselves. Offer opportunities for upward mobility.Create scholarships for the children of these families who have demonstrated the want to better themselves (this will do wonders to build cre dibility between Nikkei and the employee). Provide better health care for offshore workers possibly for a minimal fee so that the coverage is equivalent to that which is offered to their counter parts in the United States. Directly invest money into the surrounding communities (this will foster a sense of goodwill as well as increasing the number of qualified applicants for positions that need to be filled).Connect employees to financial services that can aid in providing relief and resources to help with obtaining adequate and habitable housing. Establish partnerships with non-profit organizations that promote the embodiment of humanity. Would do well to implement lessons learned or post- assessment process to address or curtail future issues before they get out of hand. Conduct forums which allow for the exchanging of ideas between the workers and management (this will create a sense of commitment and belonging).Ensure that a percentage of the supervisors and managers come from th e host nation (this should help to establish trust and alleviate cultural tension). Nikkei has a corporate responsibility to all stakeholders. Engaging in one or more of these suggestions could position them well on their way to be viewed as a company that cares for its rockers, appreciates its customers, respects its shareholders and its workers, as well as, is committed to society. The majority of the recommendations listed here are feasible. It will require NIKKEI to invest in its employees.